Patients & Families
What is amelogenesis imperfecta?
Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) is a condition that affects the enamel, the hard outer layer of your teeth. It happens because of changes in certain genes. These genes can be passed down from parents to children in different ways. People with AI can have many different teeth problems. These include soft enamel, sensitive teeth, changes in tooth color, gum disease, and problems with teeth coming in.
We don't know how many people in the UK have AI. Around the world, it might affect between 1 in 700 to 1 in 14,000 people. AI often runs in families, and the genes can be passed down in different ways.
What should I do if I suspect my child has AI?
If you think your child has AI, you should take them to a dentist. The dentist can check their teeth and talk to you about what to do next. The dentist might refer your child to a specialist for more help.
Treatment for Amelogenesis Imperfecta
The treatment your child needs will depend on their enamel and symptoms like sensitivity, appearance, and how well they can use their teeth. Your dentist can talk to you about different treatments and get advice from specialists if needed.
What is genetic testing for AI?
AI is a genetic condition, and some places in the UK can now offer genetic testing through the NHS. Look at our separate section for more details on this, and talk to your dentist about getting a referral to a specialist.
How can I support my child after being diagnosed with AI?
Having AI can sometimes make a child feel bad about themselves. Other kids at school might tease them about how they look. There are helpful online resources with advice on how to cope with these challenges. Click on the links below to find the resources.